Abstract
Simple SummaryMannan oligosaccharides (MOS) are a promising feed additive to improve animal health, immune capacity, and antioxidation. Based on the previous studies, we carried out three experiments to investigate the effects of MOS on the gas emission, protein and energy utilization, and fasting metabolism of sheep. The results showed that 2.0% MOS supplementation led to the lowest in vitro CO2 production and lower CH4 production and decreased in vivo intake. However, it also decreased urine nitrogen excretion and energy released as CH4, and then improved the utilization of crude protein and energy of sheep. There were no differences in the parameters of respiration and energy metabolism of sheep under the fasting condition. The findings indicated that MOS slightly affected the gas emission and nutrients and energy utilization of sheep.This study investigated the effects of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on in vitro and in vivo gas emission, utilization of crude protein (CP) and energy, and relative parameters of sheep under fasting metabolism conditions. In vitro gas productions were evaluated over 12 h in sheep diets containing different amounts of MOS (from 0% to 6.0%/kg, the increment was 0.5%). A control experiment was used to assess the gas emission, utilization of CP and energy, and fasting metabolism in control sheep and sheep treated with 2.0% MOS over 24 days (d). The results showed that 2.0% MOS supplementation led to the lowest in vitro CO2 production and less CH4 production, while also leading to decrease in vivo nutrients intake, CP and energy excretion, digested and retained CP, and energy released as CH4 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, 2.0% MOS supplementation appeared to decrease in vivo O2 consumption and CH4 production per metabolic body weight (BW0.75), and increase the CP retention rate of sheep (p < 0.074). MOS did not affect other parameters, along with the same parameters of sheep under fasting metabolism conditions (p > 0.05). The findings indicate MOS has only slight effects on the gas emission and nutrients and energy metabolism of sheep.
Highlights
Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that benefit the host by selectively stimulating the activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the intestine [1,2]
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on in vitro and in vivo gas production, respiration, protein digestion, energy metabolism, and fasting metabolism in sheep
The supplementation of MOS decreased dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and energy intake, CP and energy excreted in feces and urine, digested and retained CP, and the energy released as CH4 in sheep (p < 0.05)
Summary
Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that benefit the host by selectively stimulating the activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the intestine [1,2]. The predominant prebiotics include oligosaccharides such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS), inulin, mannan oligosaccharides (MOS), and xylooligosaccharides [1]. They have been termed a nutricine, meaning that they have no direct nutritive value, but maintain intestinal digestive and absorptive functions, improving the health and performance of farmed animals [3]. As the most bioactive compounds, they contain both mannan proteins and complex carbohydrates, including β-glucans [4], and are widely used as a dietary supplement to boost the immune system and eliminate pathogens from the intestinal tract [5,6]. MOS bind to the mannose-specific lectin of
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