Abstract
ABSTRACT A series of acute and sublethal experiments were conducted to examine the potential effects of exposure to wateraccommodated fractions (WAFs) of Macondo Canyon 252 crude oil and chemically enhanced (Corexit 9500A dispersant) wateraccommodated fractions (CEWAFs) on embryogenesis, larval development, growth, and survival of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Nominal exposure concentrations for acute experiments were 0, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1,200 mg/L for WAFs, and 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L for CEWAFs. Calculated total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (TPAH) values were 0, 22.5, 45, 90, 181, and 271 µg/L for WAFs, and 0, 4.5, 8.9, 17.8, 35.7, 71, and 142 µg/L for CEWAFs. The exposure concentration for sublethal experiments was 16 mg/L CEWAF. Total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations represent moderate to high levels of TPAH reported during the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) event. Exposure to acute concentrations of 1 or both of these contaminants was shown to decrease fe...
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