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Abstract
The physiological changes and the mechanism of stress tolerance in tomato were studied under low temperature and low light conditions. Two growth chamber experiments evaluated three temperatures regimes under standard and relatively low illumination levels with three tomato genotypes. Both experiments used a completely randomized split-plot design (CRD), with temperature regime as the main plot and tomato genotype as the split-plot. The three tomato varieties were “Fenyan No.1”, “SV0313TG”, and “Ousa”. In both experiments, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidases (POD) in tomato seedlings decreased under low temperature regime and the combination of low temperature and low light. Decreasing temperature had the greatest effect on the increase in enzyme activity. Decrease in POD activity was the greatest under low light and low temperature. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in plant tissue also decreased under low temperature (20°C/10°C day/night) compared to the standard temperature control (25°C/16°C day/night), but increased at 15°C/5°C day/night temperatures in both experiments and was the greatest under the lowest light and temperature conditions. In both experiments, proline concentrations were the greatest under the standard light intensity (30,000 lux), and proline concentrations increased as temperature decreased. The content of soluble sugar decreased under only low temperature stress but increased under double stresses. The relative value of osmotic potential increased a little under low temperature stress but decreased under double stresses.
Highlights
Tomato is the fourth largest vegetable crop in Hebei Province, China, and is often cultivated in the field and in protected unheated greenhouse structures for extended production [1]
In the Expt. 1 under standard light conditions, the low temperature had an effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD), POD, MDA, soluble sugars, protein content, and leaf osmotic potential (Table 2, Figures 1-4)
The soluble sugar content was significantly increased under both low temperature and low light conditions, which was consistent with the results reported by [35]
Summary
Tomato is the fourth largest vegetable crop in Hebei Province, China, and is often cultivated in the field and in protected unheated greenhouse structures for extended production [1]. Dong et al [3] observed in Shijiazhuang City that a continuous smog lasted 40 days during winter in 2015, causing greenhouse temperature and light intensity to routinely decrease to below 10 ̊C and 400 lux, respectively, during the day These temperatures and light intensities are well below recommended values for optimal tomato production and result in decreased plant growth, fruit quality, and total yield [4] [5] [6] [7]. Reductions in root/shoot growth, photosynthetic rate, and plant biochemical markers such as malondialdehyde typical responses to low light and low temperature for crops such as melon, cucumbers, and tomato [10] [11] [12]. Be possible to measure relative differences in various plant growth and biochemical parameters as a technique for screening plant genotypes for tolerance to low light intensity and low temperature stress [13] [14]
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