Abstract
This paper describes the effects of low intensity continuous ultrasound (LICU) on the inflammatory response of mouse pancreatic tumor explants. While there are many reports focusing on the application of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on cell cultures and tissues, the effects of continuous oscillations on biological tissues have never been investigated. Here we present an exploratory study of the effects induced by LICU on mouse pancreatic tumor explants. We show that LICU causes significant upregulation of IFN-γ, IL-1β, and TNF-α on tumor explants. No detectable effects were observed on tumor vasculature or collagen I deposition, while thermal and mechanical effects were not apparent. Tumor explants responded as a single unit to acoustic waves, with spatial pressure variations smaller than their size.
Highlights
Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) is widely used as an imaging tool in medicine at low intensities (
We show that low intensity continuous ultrasound (LICU) causes significant upregulation of IFN-γ, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in pancreatic tumor explants
This is a typical effect caused by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), which can lead to the destruction of the normal tissue
Summary
Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) is widely used as an imaging tool in medicine at low intensities (
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