Abstract
Studied are the effects of fiber dispersion and loss and single-photon detector dark counts on key transmission rate and bit error rate of quantum key distribution system through theoretical analysis and computation. Research demonstrates that fiber loss is the main factor that influences quantum key transmission rate, while quantum bit error rate is related to fiber loss, dispersion, pulse width, dark counts and Rayleigh backscattering. Theoretical calculation indicates that in the current single-mode fiber-based plug & play quantum key distribution system with a dark counts of 10 <sup>-5</sup>/ns, the utilization of short pulse with 1550 nm wavelength and a 50 ps width can achieve the maximum transmission distance of 131 km. If we reduce dark counts or use G.653 dispersion-shifted fiber with short pulse, we can further improve key transmission rate and reduce the quantum bit error rate, thus effectively enhance the transmission distance of quantum key distribution system.
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