Abstract
ABSTRACTThe aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the response of articular cartilage to frictional load when sliding against a metal implant, and identify potential mechanisms of damage to articular cartilage in a metal‐on‐cartilage pairing. Bovine osteochondral cylinders were reciprocally slid against metal cylinders (cobalt–chromium–molybdenum alloy) with several variations of load and sliding velocity using a microtribometer. The effects of different loads and velocities, and the resulting friction coefficients on articular cartilage, were evaluated by measuring histological and metabolic outcomes. Moreover, the biotribocorrosion of the metal was determined. Chondrocytes stimulated with high load and velocity showed increased metabolic activity and cartilage‐specific gene expression. In addition, higher load and velocity resulted in biotribocorrosion of the metal implant and damage to the surface of the articular cartilage, whereas low velocity and a high coefficient of friction increased the expression of catabolic genes. Articular cartilage showed particular responses to load and velocity when sliding against a metal implant. Moreover, metal implants showed tribocorrosion. Therefore, corrosion particles may play a role in the mechano‐biochemical wear of articular cartilage after implantation of a metal implant. These findings may be useful to surgeons performing resurfacing procedures and total knee arthroplasty. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society J Orthop Res 37:2531–2539, 2019
Highlights
Orthopedic surgical procedures create a metal‐on‐cartilage (MoC) interface in the affected joint
In addition to accelerated cartilage wear, increased disruption of the extracellular matrix and decreased cell viability have been demonstrated in a MoC bearing system versus those reported in cartilage articulating against cartilage.[13]
The primary objective of this study was to investigate the response of chondrocytes to mechanical load and the underlying mechanisms leading to the degeneration of articular cartilage in a MoC pairing
Summary
Orthopedic surgical procedures (e.g., partial surface replacement and total knee arthroplasty without patella resurfacing) create a metal‐on‐cartilage (MoC) interface in the affected joint These procedures are associated with postoperative complications (e.g., progressive wear of the preserved articular cartilage).[1,2,3] Part of the damage occurs through direct contact of the cartilage articulating against metal implants.[4] the adjacent cartilage may be affected.[5]. By applying different loads and sliding velocities, the study aimed at identifying critical loading parameters in a MoC tribological testing
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