Abstract
Background: Commonly used dental resin composites are used as dental filling materials with the help of light induced polymerization reaction. The purpose of this cross-sectional research was to compare the results of different light intensities on the hardness of different dental composites. Following light treatment units were used.
 
 QTH also called Quartz Tungsten Halogen
 LED also called Light Emitting Diodes
 
 Methods: This one-month cross-sectional, in-vitro study was carried out in the Dental Materials Laboratory in Saudi Arabia. Using non-probability, convenient sampling, a single trained operator prepared 60 dental restorative composites (DRC) samples in steel molds with a diameter of 10mm and each mold was 2mm thick. During the polymerization of DRCs, the effects of light intensities, sorption and solubility, and microhardness were all measured. SPSS was used for statistical analysis and a p-value of <0.05 was declared striking.
 Results: When QTH and LED lamps were used, the average micro hardness of DRC was estimated to be 15.480.46 and 18.260.53, respectively. The mean light intensity of QTH was 434 mW/cm2 and for LED lights it was 925mW/cm2. There was no notable difference in DRC sorption and solubility capability (p=0.001) during the polymerization reaction (p=0.128).
 Conclusion: When it came to increasing the surface micro hardness of DRC, LED light was found to be more effective than QTH light.
Highlights
The photoactivation method is the most preferred mode of polymerization in dental composition resins (DRC) [1]
When quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) and light-emitting diodes (LED) lamps were used as light sources, the mean temperature change during the polymerization reaction (Table 1) revealed a non-significant difference in the mean temperature change
When dental restorative composites (DRC) was cured using LED light instead of QTH light, there was no significant difference in temperature, sorption, or solubility capabilities, but microhardness increased
Summary
The photoactivation method is the most preferred mode of polymerization in dental composition resins (DRC) [1]. Four LCU sources are applicable in a clinical setup [5] These sources include quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) lamps, light-emitting diodes (LED) units, plasma-arc lamps, and argon-ion lasers. Infrared energy is one of the main radiant outputs of QTH LCU'S which may be absorbed by dental composite resins leads to increased molecular vibration and heat generation. These methods need filters to reduce the passage of infrared energy from the LCU to the tooth. Unfiltered infrared energy can result in heat generation at the pulp chamber [7] Due to these limitations of QTH, LED (light-emitting diodes) units were developed.
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