Abstract
Experimental and numerical analyses of a woven composite were performed in order to assess the effect of yarn path and layer shift variability on properties of the composite. Analysis of the geometry of a 12 K carbon fibre 2 × 2 twill weave at the meso- and macro-scales showed the prevalence of the yarn path variations at the macro-scale over the meso-scale variations. Numerical analysis of yarn path variability showed that it is responsible for a Young’s modulus reduction of 0.5% and CoV of 1% which makes this type of variability in the selected reinforcement almost insignificant for an elastic analysis. Finite element analysis of damage propagation in laminates with layer shift showed good agreement with the experiments. Both numerical analysis and experiments showed that layer shift has a strong effect on the shape of the stress–strain curve. In particular, laminates with no layer shift tend to exhibit a kink in the stress–strain curve which was attributed solely to the layer configuration.
Highlights
Mechanical properties of composites with woven reinforcement directly depend on the type of the reinforcement, its properties and its geometry
This study focuses only on the effects of variability of textile reinforcement geometry, namely yarn paths and layer shift variability
Multi-scale analysis of the reinforcement geometry made it possible to establish that meso-scale variabilities are negligible in comparison to macro-scale variability
Summary
Mechanical properties of composites with woven reinforcement directly depend on the type of the reinforcement, its properties and its geometry. The unit cell approach is often extended towards damage modelling of woven composites Examples of such modelling include but not limited to modelling of laminated woven composites under quasi-static tension[2,3] and high strain rate compaction,[4] composites with braided reinforcement[5] and 3D composites.[6] the conventional unit cell approach cannot predict variability of the mechanical properties from sample to sample which is usually associated with variability in the intrinsic properties of constituents[7,8] and the geometry of reinforcements such as yarn and layer misalignments[9] arising from textile and composite manufacturing. This study focuses only on the effects of variability of textile reinforcement geometry, namely yarn paths and layer shift variability
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