Abstract
Ventilated partial cavity (VPC) is a drag reduction method with great potential for marine vehicles. In applications of VPC ships or yachts, the cavity usually undergoes flow non-uniformity and perturbations induced by hull and pitching motions. This study presents the experimental and numerical investigation on effects of flow non-uniformity and additional pressure gradient on the VPC caused by lateral space and angle of attack (AOA). The flat plate with sufficient lateral space and variable AOA is applied in water tunnel experiments. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) coupled with the volume of fluid (VOF) are used for the in-depth understanding of VPC flow. Cavity shape, friction, pressure and velocity across a wide range of flow conditions are analyzed. The results reveal that the non-uniform flow induces the non-uniform pressure distribution and leads to the spanwise convection around plate. The positive AOA alters the cavity length and air leakage mode. Besides negative effects of lateral space and AOA, a positive synergetic effect is revealed. The positive AOA changes the direction and position of vortices, and weakens the negative effect of flow non-uniformity. Thus, a critical AOA (2° in current experiment) can balance these effects and achieve the best performance for drag reduction.
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