Effects of laser fluence on the Cd(OH)2/CdO nanostructures produced by pulsed laser ablation method

Abstract

In this experimental study, Cd (OH)2/CdO nanostructures were produced by pulsed laser ablation method. The beam of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with wavelength of 1064 nm at different fluences was employed to irradiate the cadmium target in distilled water. The obtained products at different fluences of laser pulse were characterized by UV–Vis-NIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Results show that both morphology and chemical bonds of produced Cd nanostructures were changed by increasing the laser fluence. The absorption spectra shows that the Cd(OH)2 nanostructures could be transformed into CdO nanostructures with increasing the laser fluence. XRD analysis showed the presence of crystalline γ-Cd(OH)2, Cd(OH)2 and CdO phases, in the monoclinic, hexagonal and cubic structure, respectively. Results revealed that obtained nanostructures are particle in lowest fluence, while wire shaped nanostructures were formed with increasing the laser fluence. An increase of the laser fluence induced the synthesis of higher aspect ratio nanowires with a smaller tendency of adhesion.