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Abstract
Isosorbide (ISB), a nontoxic bio-based bicyclic diol composed from two fuzed furans, was incorporated into the preparation of flexible polyurethane foams (FPUFs) for use as a cell opener and to impart antioxidant properties to the resulting foam. A novel method for cell opening was designed based on the anticipated reversibility of the urethane linkages formed by ISB with isocyanate. FPUFs containing various amounts of ISB (up to 5 wt%) were successfully prepared without any noticeable deterioration in the appearance and physical properties of the resulting foams. The air permeability of these resulting FPUFs was increased and this could be further improved by thermal treatment at 160 °C. The urethane units based on ISB enabled cell window opening, as anticipated, through the reversible urethane linkage. The ISB-containing FPUFs also demonstrated better antioxidant activity by impeding discoloration. Thus, ISB, a nontoxic, bio-based diol, can be a valuable raw material (or additive) for eco-friendly FPUFs without seriously compromising the physical properties of these FPUFs.
Highlights
Polyurethane foams (PUFs) are versatile plastics that have many advantages over other types of foams, such as ease of processing, low density, and excellent physical properties [1]
ISB was incorporated to flexible polyurethane foams (FPUFs) by dissolution in conventional poly (PPG), which enabled stable foaming during FPUF formation without deformation, shrinkage, in this study, we proposed a novel process for the cell opening of FPUFs via a reversible urethane formation reaction between the hydroxyl groups in ISB and the aromatic isocyanate groups (Scheme 1)
ISB was miscible with conventional PPG up to 5 wt% of polyols, and the effects of ISB as a cell opener on the FPUFs were with conventional PPG up to 5 wt% of polyols, and the effects of ISB as a cell opener on the FPUFs investigated
Summary
Polyurethane foams (PUFs) are versatile plastics that have many advantages over other types of foams, such as ease of processing, low density, and excellent physical properties [1]. PUFs, flexible PUFs (FPUFs) that have an open cell structure possess excellent air permeability and the physical properties of FPUFs, such as density and resilience, are controllable by varying the polyurethane formulation recipe [1,2,3]. Internal parameters include the viscosity of the liquid resin [14,15], urea precipitation [16,17], catalyst balance [13,18,19], the effect of surfactant on bubble nucleation and Molecules 2019, 24, 1347; doi:10.3390/molecules24071347 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules
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