Abstract
Oil content and fatty acid composition are the most significant quality criteria of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), and these parameters is greatly influenced by irrigation and fertilization practices. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation intervals and irrigation levels on oil content and fatty acid composition of peanuts, under sandy soil conditions in two consecutive years, using ‘Halisbey’, ‘NC-7’, and ‘Sultan’ peanut cultivars, commonly grown in Turkey. Irrigation levels were arranged based on total evaporation from Class-A pan, and irrigations were applied through drip lines. Irrigation intervals were set as two and four days, and irrigation levels were set as 50% (I50), 75% (I75), 100% (I100) and 125% (I125) of Class-A pan evaporations. Oil content, unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic acids), and saturated fatty acids (palmitic, myristic, arachidic, behenic and lignoceric acids) were determined. For oil content, treatments were identified as the most appropriate irrigation for a two-day irrigation interval of all cultivars, I100 for four-day irrigation interval of ‘Halisbey’ and ‘Sultan’ cultivars and I75 for four-day irrigation interval of ‘NC-7’ cultivar. Oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids of peanuts. Cultivars exhibited different variations in these fatty acids based on irrigation intervals and irrigation levels. In general, oleic acid contents decreased, but linoleic and palmitic acid contents increased with increasing irrigation levels. The greatest oleic acid contents were obtained from two and four-day irrigation intervals of I50 treatments in ‘Halisbey’ and ‘NC-7’ cultivars and from two and four-day irrigation intervals of I75 treatments of the second year in ‘Sultan’ cultivar. Present findings revealed that for quality peanut production, both irrigation intervals and irrigation levels should be taken into consideration.
Highlights
IntroductionProper irrigation programs play a key role in improving both the yield and the quality
Irrigation is an essential component of plant production
Year x irrigation interval and year x irrigation level interactions were found to be significant for total oil content, but insignificant for all fatty acids
Summary
Proper irrigation programs play a key role in improving both the yield and the quality. Irrigation programs play a significant role in the preservation and efficient use of water resources (Kaplan et al, 2019). Increasing water demands are not sufficiently met with deficit water resources, and existing droughts generate crisis in agricultural productions and in several other sectors. These cases will probably get worse in the future. The proper and efficient application of irrigation water at the right time and the right quantity to root zone of the plants without generating any environmental problems will improve yield and quality. Plant responses should especially be determined in peanut-like plants mostly used as industrial raw material
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