Abstract
Abstract Histological examination and biochemical assays of fish tissues are used for disease detection, genetic characterizations, contaminant analyses, and the detection of stable isotopes. However, tissue sampling usually requires invasive sampling procedures that may harm or kill an organism under investigation. For this reason, invasive procedures are rarely used with threatened, endangered, or other sensitive species. If invasive tissue sampling could be performed with little harm, a wide array of sophisticated techniques could be employed to assist in protection and management of species in decline. We subjected rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss to nonlethal invasive sampling of fin, muscle, and liver tissue. Techniques first developed for trout were applied to two endangered fishes, razorback sucker Xyrauchen texanus and bonytail chub Gila elegans. Acute (mortality) and chronic (suppression of growth rate) effects of tissue removal were evaluated in a hatchery for control and treatment groups of e...
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