Effects of Intraosseous Implantation of Silica-based Bioactive Glass Particles on Rat Kidney under Experimental Renal Failure

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of intraosseous implantation of silica-based bioactive glass (BG) particles on rat kidney under experimental renal failure. The animals are assigned to one of the two groups: renal failure (RF) and renal failure + bioactive glass (RF + BG). Particles of melt-derived 45S5 BG are implanted in the marrow of one tibia of each animal in the RF + BG group. The animals are killed 24 h and 14 days postimplantation. The RF + BG group exhibits a statistically significant increase in serum urea 24 h postimplantation. The tibiae of the RF + BG group are resected and embedded in methyl-methacrylate resin. Ground sections are analyzed by light microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The presence of silicon, calcium, and phosphorus is evaluated in the BG particles. A 55% reduction in silicon content is observed at 14 days postimplantation as compared with that at 24 h.Light microscopy analysis reveals lesions in kidney parenchyma. Hyperplasia associated with nuclear vacuolization in the tubules and a marked thickening of the basal membrane are observed in the renal cortex of the RF + BG animals killed at 24 h postimplantation, but not in those at 14 days. The present results demonstrate reversible renal cell injury in rats exposed to intraosseous implantation of silica-based BG particles under experimental RF.