Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of different time of exposure to intermittent hypoxia on the expression of glucose transporter (GLUT) 4 and protein kinase B(PKB/Akt)2, and their roles in insulin resistance induced by intermittent hypoxia. Methods Forty male Sprauge-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups by random number table method: normal control group(NC group), group of intermittent hypoxia for 2 weeks (IH2 group), group of intermittent hypoxia for 4 weeks (IH4 group), group of intermittent hypoxia for 6 weeks (IH6 group) and group of intermittent hypoxia for 8 weeks(IH8 group), with 8 rats in each group. Rats in IH2 group, IH4 group, IH6 group and IH8 group were exposed to intermittent hypoxia each day, from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m., while rats in NC group were exposed to room air. Fasting blood glucose and fasting blood insulin were measured, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)was calculated. The expression of GLUT4 and Akt2 protein in muscles of rat were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and quantified by the average gray value. The correlation between GLUT4 and Akt2 was analyzed. Results Compared with NC group, fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, GLUT4 and Akt2 in IH2, IH4, IH6, IH8 group were higher, and were increased with the exposure time of intermittent hypoxia (F=87.67-288.63, all P<0.05). Compared with NC group, fasting insulin was elevated in IH2, IH4, IH6 and IH8 group, and was increased along with the duration of intermittent hypoxia and then decreased in IH8 group(F=86.04, P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the expression of GLUT4 was positively correlated with Akt2(r=0.895, P<0.05). Conclusion The degree of insulin resistance increases and the expression of GLUT4 and Akt2 decrease with duration of intermittent hypoxia.GLUT4 and Akt2 play synergistic effects in insulin resistance induced by intermittent hypoxia. Key words: Intermittent hypoxia; Glucose transporter 4; Protein kinase B2; Insulin resistance
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