Effects of Intake of a Mixed Diet by Dairy Steers on Digestion Events

Abstract

Ruminally cannulated steers were in a 4×4 Latin square to determine the effect of amount of feed ingested on fiber digestion and other digestion events. Alfalfa haylage, corn silage, and a corn-soybean meal mix were incorporated in a ratio 45:20:35 (dry matter) and fed at either 100, 85, 70, or 55% of ad libitum intake. Acid-insoluble ash, lanthanum, and chromium-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were digestion, particulate, and liquid markers. Apparent digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and cell solubles decreased linearly as feed intake increased. The fiber fraction digested was a larger percentage of the dry matter digested at low than at high intakes of feed. A more rapid rate of cellulose disappearance and a slow rate of passage of particulate matter through the rumen and total digestive tract with decreasing feed intake were key factors responsible for bringing about changes of digestion coefficients. A consistently lower rumen pH of steers at high intakes of feed was thought to account for the slower rate of ruminal fiber disappearance. The lower tract accounted for 11 to 17% of dry matter disappearance, and tended to play a greater role during periods of high feed intake. Rumen and fecal sampling techniques provided similar ruminal rates of solids passage.