Effects of Industrial Wastewater on Water Quality Tigris River at Baghdad Using (GIS) Technique

Abstract

Tigris River has been affected by industrial wastewater pollution in Iraq. One water sampling point was taken for each of the five sites of industrial wastewater plants, which are located south of Baghdad along the length of the river about 9 Km within the study area from (33°15'52.63"N, 44°22'13.98"E) to (33°16'54.94"N, 44°27'15.86"E) navigated by GPS (GARMIN 72), coordinates system WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_38N. The Analysis of water quality Includes several parameters; WQI was used to assess the water quality of the river according to a mathematical equation. Five water quality parameters were considered, those are Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Sulfate (SO4), Phosphate (PO4), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) for the period (2020 to 2021). Water Quality Index (WQI) analysis technique according to an arithmetic weighted formula and using geographic information system (GIS) technique - Symbology method was used to display the results and analyzes as accurate and up-to-date colourful maps to describe water quality. Indicate the water sampling results were classified from poor to very poor for the period 2020 to 2021. The research aims, to use (GIS) to show that industrial wastewater runoff must be treated properly and completely before being discharged into the water stream.