Abstract
The Demand Resources and Individual Effects Model (DRIVE Model) is a transactional model that integrates Demands- Control-Support and Effort-Reward Imbalance models emphasising the role of individual (Coping Strategies; Overcommitment) and job characteristics (Job Demands, Social Support, Decision Latitude, Skill Discretion, Effort, Rewards) in the work-related stress process. The present study aimed to test the DRIVE Model in a sample of 450 Italian nurses and to compare findings with those of a study conducted in a sample of UK nurses. A questionnaire composed of Ways of Coping Checklist-Revised (WCCL-R); Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ); ERI Test; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used. Data supported the application of the DRIVE Model to the Italian context, showing significant associations of the individual characteristics of Problem-focused, Seek Advice and Wishful Thinking coping strategies and the job characteristics of Job Demands, Skill Discretion, Decision Latitude, and Effort with perceived levels of Anxiety and Depression. Effort represented the best predictor for psychological health conditions among Italian nurses, and Social Support significantly moderated the effects of Job Demands on perceived levels of Anxiety. The comparison study showed significant differences in the risk profiles of Italian and UK nurses. Findings were discussed in order to define focused interventions to promote nurses’ wellbeing.
Highlights
Considering the interest in the DRIVE Model theoretical framework (Mark, 2008; Mark & Smith, 2008) and in its application to the Italian context, the present study aims to test this model analysing main and interaction effects of individual characteristics (i.e., Coping Strategies, Overcommitment) and job characteristics (i.e., Effort, Rewards, Job Demands, Social Support, Skill Discretion, Decision Latitude) on perceived levels of Anxiety and Depression among Italian nurses
Considering that the DRIVE model, which has been developed in the UK, has not been previously tested in a sample of Italian nurses, and in order to adequately benefit from its application, the present study aims at assessing, in a cross-cultural perspective, similarities and differences between Italian and UK nurses, comparing results from the present study with those emerged from the original application of the DRIVE Model in UK nurses (Mark & Smith, 2012b)
Concerning the associations between individual characteristics (Coping Strategies, Overcommitment) and job characteristics (DCS and Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) dimensions), Pearson’s correlations highlighted that Problem-focused and Seek Advice coping strategies positively related to Skill Discretion, and that Self-blame, Wishful Thinking and Escape/Avoidance coping strategies negatively related to Skill Discretion and Decision Latitude
Summary
Considering the interest in the DRIVE Model theoretical framework (Mark, 2008; Mark & Smith, 2008) and in its application to the Italian context, the present study aims to test this model analysing main and interaction effects of individual characteristics (i.e., Coping Strategies, Overcommitment) and job characteristics (i.e., Effort, Rewards, Job Demands, Social Support, Skill Discretion, Decision Latitude) on perceived levels of Anxiety and Depression among Italian nurses. In line with the aims of the study, the following hypotheses have been tested: Hypothesis one: the DRIVE Model dimensions of Coping Strategies (Problem-focused, Self-blame, Wishful Thinking, Seek Advice, Escape/Avoidance), DCS variables (Job Demands, Skill Discretion, Decision Latitude, Social Support), and ERI variables (Effort, Rewards, Overcommitment) have significant main and interaction. Hypothesis two: There are significant differences between Italian and UK nurses with reference to the risk profiles defined by the DRIVE Model dimensions
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
