Effects of impaction severity of treated palatally displaced canines on periodontal outcomes: a retrospective study

Alberto Caprioglio,Ilaria Comaglio,Rosamaria Fastuca,Lea Siani

doi:10.1186/s40510-018-0256-7

Alberto Caprioglio, Ilaria Comaglio + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-018-0256-7

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Abstract

BackgroundEven though periodontal health was suggested to be not related to the traction technique, some other variables might influence the esthetic outcome of palatally displaced canines (PDC) when aligned, such as the initial position and impaction rate of the canine before treatment. The purpose of the present study was therefore to evaluate the existing correlations between periodontal health outcome of PDC after their exposure and alignment and their initial position identified according to the different rates of impaction severity.Materials and methodsThe final sample enrolled 293 PDC which satisfied inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the canines were exposed using CT by the same oral surgeon and orthodontic traction was applied using the easy cuspid device followed by fixed appliance treatment. Image analysis and periodontal status evaluation were performed for all PDCs.Resultsα-Angle and d-distance showed no significant differences in the periodontal outcome of PDCs after treatment. The only tested variable showing significant differences was S, since canines with CEJ visible at the end of the treatment presented sectors with a mean score of 1.67, which was significantly different (P < 0.05) when compared to the S-sector for the canines that showed PD < 2 mm at the end of the treatment.ConclusionsRadiographic variables as α-Angle and d-distance seem to not influence the periodontal outcome of the treated impacted canine regardless of the amount of gravity. On the contrary, S-sector might play a significant role when higher rates of gravity are present suggesting the possibility in few cases for periodontal damage at the end of treatment.

Highlights

Even though periodontal health was suggested to be not related to the traction technique, some other variables might influence the esthetic outcome of palatally displaced canines (PDC) when aligned, such as the initial position and impaction rate of the canine before treatment
S-sector might play a significant role when higher rates of gravity are present suggesting the possibility in few cases for periodontal damage at the end of treatment
The purpose of the present retrospective study was to assess the influence of initial position on posttreatment periodontal health of PDC treated by a combined surgical-orthodontic approach using closed flap technique

Summary

Introduction

Even though periodontal health was suggested to be not related to the traction technique, some other variables might influence the esthetic outcome of palatally displaced canines (PDC) when aligned, such as the initial position and impaction rate of the canine before treatment. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the existing correlations between periodontal health outcome of PDC after their exposure and alignment and their initial position identified according to the different rates of impaction severity. When surgical exposure of the canine’s crown and its orthodontic alignment is performed, the treatment might lead to different periodontal health status and (2019) 20:5 often be related to damage of the periodontal supporting structure due to the forced orthodontic eruption of the tooth [14]. As a matter of fact, ectopic impacted canines showed increased plaque and gingival bleeding index, greater pocket depths, reduced attached gingival width, higher gingival levels, increased crown lengths, higher electric pulp testing scores, and reduced bone levels at the end of orthodontic treatment compared to their contralateral teeth with physiologic eruption [15, 16]

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