Abstract
The retentive microfiltration of 1 g/dm 3 solutions of citrus and apple pectin was investigated at crossflow velocities up to 1.64 m/s using a tubular macroporous titania membrane 1.6 cm in diameter with an immobilized pectinase. The flux was compared to the flux obtained using the same membrane without immobilized pectinase as a control membrane. The flux was significantly higher through the membrane with immobilized pectinase than through the control membrane at the intermediate crossflow velocities, 0.80 and 1.2 m/s. Analysis of the flux results using a resistance model indicates that the resistance of the irreversible fouling layer was increased by the presence of immobilized pectinase at the intermediate crossflow velocities. However, the resistance associated with concentration polarization, or resistance reversible to a water rinse, was reduced sufficiently under these crossflow conditions to increase the flux over that obtained with the control membrane. Minor differences in the flux behavior were observed for the pectins from the two sources. The enzyme was active in reducing the molecular weight of the pectin in the permeate in all the experiments.
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