Abstract
Good health affects productivity and income of the workers and this will further deepen the incidence of poverty and ill-health. This study examined the linkage between ill-health cost and multidimensional poverty of rural households in Ogun state, Nigeria. Multistage sampling was used to select 240 households for the study. Data collected were analysed with descriptive statistics, economic cost of illness, multidimensional poverty index and logistic regression model. The result revealed that majority (95%) of the households experienced malaria infestation, time cost of illness contributed most (92.6%) to the total economic cost. Result revealed that 69% of households are multidimensionally poor. Furthermore, marital status (p<0.01), off-farm income (p<0.01), financial cost (p<0.01), days forgone production (p<0.1), time cost (p<0.01) and area cultivated (p<0.1) positively, and significantly influence multidimensional poverty status while household size (p<0.01), cooperative membership (p<0.05), public health care services (p<0.1) and health extension contact (p<0.01) have negative, and significant effect. The study concluded that increase in out of pocket expenditure as a result of ill-health cost increases poverty status, availability and access to public health facilities reduces poverty status, it was therefore recommended that public health facilities should be located nearer to the people with minimum social stratification that might discourage poor masses from its usage, essential drugs should be provided at subsidized rates as this will go a long way in reducing financial cost thereby reducing poverty status.
Highlights
Agriculture is an indispensable sector in Nigerian economy because it remains the only local source of food and natural fibre in spite of the dominance of petroleum, agriculture still plays vital roles in Nigerians economy, it contributed 23 percent to Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Products (GDP) in 2017 (CBN, 2018)
The total time cost contributed 92.56% to the total economic cost and the time cost of sick person contributed 59.11% to the time cost and 54.71% to the economic cost, time cost of care giver contributed 40.89% to the total time cost and 37.84% to the total economic cost, preventive cost contributed 0.41% to the total economic cost. This implies that cost of drugs and herbs contributed most to the total financial cost and time cost of sick person contributed most to the total time cost, the total time cost contributed most to the total economic cost followed by financial cost and preventive cost respectively
The result revealed that majority of the households suffered malaria illness followed by back pain, waist pain, fever, rheumatism, typhoid, guinea worm, tuberculosis and measles respectively
Summary
Agriculture is an indispensable sector in Nigerian economy because it remains the only local source of food and natural fibre in spite of the dominance of petroleum, agriculture still plays vital roles in Nigerians economy, it contributed 23 percent to Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Products (GDP) in 2017 (CBN, 2018). Large out of pocket health expenditure as a result of ill-health can have a major impact on financial status of rural households and can push them to poverty. They are likely to reduce their expenditure on basic items or sell off their productive assets in order to cope with health costs. There are growing literatures on effect of ill- health on poverty status of farmers, previous studies failed to adopt a holistic approach to the problem of farmers’ health and poverty in rural communities, previous studies used uni-dimensional poverty measures such as income and expenditure, this studies differs from other studies as it employs a multidimensional poverty measures that complements money-based measures by considering multiple deprivations and their overlap, as it is related to Sen’s conception of capabilities. Yi the multidimensional poverty status (1= multidimensionally poor, 0=otherwise); α0 intercept; α1 − α16 parameters to be estimated; et error term or disturbance term
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