Abstract
Yerba maté (Ilex paraguariensis) is a native plant of South America widely consumed as hot infusion. It is a vegetable that has many bioactive compounds, such as caffeine, theobromine theophylline and saponins, phenolic compounds, mainly chlorogenic acids and dicaffeoylquinic acids, and minerals as Fe, Ca, K y Mg, which have many beneficial properties for the health. Polyphenols have the property of chelating the transition metals, as iron and magnesium, decreasing their bioavailability. Iron deficiency anaemia and subclinical hypomagnesemia is observed in the American population. Women at childbearing age belong to a specially vulnerable group. The aim of this work was to evaluate the "in vivo" effect of the polyphenols from yerba maté infusions, consumed in their traditional form, on the bioavailability of Fe and Mg in the diet. Eleven healhty young female volunteers participated in the magnesium and iron study. After the first blood sample was taken (time 0), the volunteers ingested 300 mL of yerba maté infusions, ferrous sulfate or yerba maté infusions plus ferrous sulfate at50 °C in no more than 5 minutes. They remained seated at a comfortable temperature throughout the study. Blood samples were taken 20, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100 and 120 minutes after ingestion.The yerba maté infusions prepared in their traditional form of “hot maté”, which containining an average of 4.68 ± 0.54 GAE/L of polyphenols, have an inhibitory effect on the bioavailability of the magnesium and mainly on non-heminic Fe consumed as ferrous sulphate of the 76 ± 10 % .
Highlights
Yerba mate (YM), Ilex paraguariensis is a native plant of the region of South America widely consumed as infusion
Blood samples were taken 20, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100 and 120 minutes after ingestion.The yerba matéinfusions prepared in their traditional form of “hot maté”, which containining an average of 4.68 ± 0.54 GAE/L of polyphenols, have an inhibitory effect on the bioavailability of the magnesium and mainly on non-heminic Fe consumed as ferrous sulphate of the 76 ±10 %
The volunteers were divided into two groups, according to the amount of Mg ingested, corresponding Group 1 (G1) to female volunteers 1 to 6 and Group 2 (G2) which corresponds to female volunteers 7 to 12
Summary
Yerba mate (YM), Ilex paraguariensis is a native plant of the region of South America widely consumed as infusion. It was determined that YM infusions have cytotoxic activity and by inhibition of topoisomerase II may contribute to the general chemopreventive activity (Ramirez-Mares, Chandra &Mejia, 2004) (Bracesco, Sanchez, Contreras, Menini & Gugliucci, 2010). Some authors determined that YM infusion consumption is associated with higher bone mineral density in postmenopausal women (Conforti, Gallo &Saraví, 2012). Other authors report that the presence of polyphenols in the YM infusion has a favorable effect on bone tissue and can mitigate the negative effect of caffeine (Brun et al, 2015). It has been reported that there has been an inverse association between YM infusion consumption and Parkinson's disease (Gatto, Melcon, Parisi, Bartoloni & Gonzalez, 2015). Antiherpes activity was detected in the crude extract obtained from Ilex paraguariensis leave (Lückemeyer et al, 2012)
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