Effects of hypotension and hypertension on source memory and working memory

Abstract

Objectives The effects of chronic low and high blood pressure on memory are unclear due to divergent results, originating in part due to participant misclassifications. The aim of this study was to compare source memory and working memory performance in individuals diagnosed with hypotension or hypertension with the performance of normotensive participants. Hypertensive and hypotensive individuals were receiving medical treatment. Method From a sample of 1656 participants, 219 were identified as hypertensive, and 37 were identified as hypotensive. Each of these two groups was compared with normotensive individuals matched by age, education and sex. Source memory performance and working memory performance were assessed through computerized tasks. Results Source memory accuracy was poorer in hypotensive and hypertensive individuals than in normotensive individuals, and spatial working memory discrimination was inferior in hypertensive participants compared to normotensive individuals. Conclusion Blood pressure impairment should be considered a major concern because it has been linked to severe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Furthermore, here we show that it has negative effects on the two types of memory that are most essential for preserving a self-sufficient lifestyle.