Abstract
To evaluate the effects of hypertonic saline solution associated to remote ischemic perconditioning in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Twenty five male rats (Wistar) underwent right nephrectomy and were distributed into five groups: Sham group (S); Ischemia/Reperfusion group (I/R) with 30 minutes of renal ischemia; Remote ischemic perconditioning group (Per) with three cycles of 10 minutes of I/R performed during kidney ischemia; Hypertonic saline solution group (HSS) treated with hypertonic saline solution (4ml/kg); remote ischemic perconditioning + Hypertonic saline solution group (Per+HSS) with both treatments. After reperfusion, blood samples were collected for BUN and creatinine serum levels analyzes. TBARS were evaluated in plasma and renal tissue to assess oxidative stress. Kidney histopathological examination were performed. Per+HSS group showed a lower degree of renal dysfunction in relation to I/R group, whereas the technique of remote ischemic perconditioning isolated or associated with saline solution significantly reduced oxidative stress and histological damage. Remote ischemic perconditioning associated or not to saline solution promoted reduction of acute renal injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion.
Highlights
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury culminate in several deleterious effects for different organs
Renal ischemia/reperfusion often results from shock or surgical procedures, such as renal transplantation, resection of tumors and traumas, which act as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in clinical settings[2,3]
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hypertonic saline solution associated to remote ischemic perconditioning in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats
Summary
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury culminate in several deleterious effects for different organs. Reperfusion is the most responsible for main lesions in cells of the ischemic organ[1]. Renal ischemia/reperfusion often results from shock or surgical procedures, such as renal transplantation, resection of tumors and traumas, which act as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in clinical settings[2,3]. Several substances have been tested as alternatives to reduce deleterious effects of ischemia/reperfusion syndrome, such as chlorpromazine, verapamil, allopurinol, octreotide, copaiba oil, vitamins (C, D and E) and cyclosporin A. Crystalloid solutions, among them the hypertonic saline solution (NaCl 7.5%), showed a lower rolling of neutrophils to kidney, promoting a lower inflammatory renal injury[5]. Studies to understand the current repercussions of intensity and establish the different degrees of ischemia and reperfusion are necessary
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