Abstract
Using butyl titanate and absolute ethanol as raw materials, TiO2 was prepared by a hydrothermal method with different hydrothermal times, and the influences of hydrothermal time on the structure and photocatalytic performance of TiO2 were investigated. The obtained samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, PL and DRS, separately. The results show that TiO2 forms anatase when the hydrothermal time is 12 h, forms a mixed crystal composed of anatase and rutile when the hydrothermal time is 24 h, and forms rutile when the hydrothermal time is 36 h. With the extension of hydrothermal time, anatase gradually transforms into rutile and the surface area decreases. Although TiO2-24 h and TiO2-36 h show lower photoinduced charge recombination and higher light source utilization, TiO2-12 h exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity owing to its largest surface area (145.3 m2/g). The degradation degree of rhodamine B and tetracycline hydrochloride reach 99.6% and 90.0% after 45 min.
Highlights
Employing photocatalytic technology to degrade pollutants is an effective route for environmental governance
It is convenient to control the morphology of photocatalyst by a hydrothermal method, which does not require high-temperature calcination and is conducive to obtaining a large surface area and high photocatalytic activity [13,14,15,16,17,18]
The results show that the particles gradually change from granular to nanotube with the increasing temperature and TiO2 prepared at 180 ◦C displays the best photocatalytic performance
Summary
Employing photocatalytic technology to degrade pollutants is an effective route for environmental governance. The crystal structure, crystallinity, surface morphology, specific surface area and optical property of TiO2 are closely related to the preparation method. It is convenient to control the morphology of photocatalyst by a hydrothermal method, which does not require high-temperature calcination and is conducive to obtaining a large surface area and high photocatalytic activity [13,14,15,16,17,18]. Hydrothermal conditions will affect the crystal structure, surface morphology and specific surface area, thereby affecting the photocatalytic performance [19,20]. The obtained samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, PL, DRS and the degradation of RhB and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) to study the effects of hydrothermal time on the crystal structure, morphology, specific surface area, optical property and photocatalytic performance of TiO2. The samples obtained with different hydrothermal times were labeled as TiO2-12 h, TiO2-24 h and TiO2-36 h
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