Abstract
In this study, nanoclay I.30E and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were hybridized with graphene oxide (GO) on Epikote 240 epoxy resin. Research results show that the hybridization between 0.5 wt.% GO with 1 or 3 wt.% nanoclay and 0.05 wt.% MWCNT has better mechanical properties and flame-retardant properties than the component materials. The combination of epoxy nanocomposite materials with flame-retardant additives such as nanoclay, MWCNT, and GO leads to improving flame-retardant and mechanical properties. Flame-retardant materials have no environmental problems and are nontoxic. Therefore, the flame-retardant additives studied in this work have great potential to become one of the promising flame-retardant hybrid materials. The study also showed that the result of the combination, the hybridization between the three components (nanoclay, MWCNT, and GO) synergized the mechanisms of fire resistance, creating insulating barriers, preventing objects from entering material exposed to heat and oxygen in the air.
Highlights
Flame retardants, a large group of polymeric additives, play an important role in improving the fire resistance of polymeric materials
Hybrid 3 wt.% nanoclay with 0.05 wt.% multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and 0.5 wt.% graphene oxide (GO) has 63% increase in tensile strength, 97.19% increase in flexural strength, 33.23% increase in compressive strength, and 163.12% increase in impact strength compared to epoxy polymers
These results indicate that at the simultaneous addition of nanoclay, MWCNT, and GO at suitable hybridization rates, the material achieves a special structure with a compatibility on the interface between the matrix resin phase and the reinforcements at low level and senior level
Summary
A large group of polymeric additives, play an important role in improving the fire resistance of polymeric materials. A number of works have studied the combination of nanoclay with MWCNTs; nanoclay with fly ash, or MWCNT with fly ash [12]. These works all concluded that the combination of additives provides fire-retardant properties and mechanical properties at a higher threshold when considered separately. The results of the studies indicated that very little GO loading improved the mechanical strength of epoxy composites. Keloth Paduvilan et al confirmed in their work that the combined effect of graphene oxide and nanoclay can induce a hybrid effect in reducing the air permeability for chlorobutyl-natural rubber blend [16]. If the concentration of hybrid particles is low, the fabricated material has slightly worse properties than the composite material incorporating only graphene oxide [17]
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