Effects of high salt intake on control of hindlimb vascular resistance by arterial baroreflex and vagal afferents in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Abstract

1. This study aimed to examine whether a high salt diet alters control of vascular resistance by arterial baroreflex and vagal afferents in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). 2. SHR and WKY aged 8 weeks were fed either high (8%) or normal salt (0.4%) diet for 4 weeks. Arterial baroreflex control of hindlimb vascular resistance was assessed by examining reflex-induced vasodilation and vasoconstriction in response to phenylephrine and nitroprusside, respectively, in the constant-flow perfused hindlimb of urethane-anesthetized rats. 3. Tonic influence of the cardiopulmonary vagal afferents was evaluated by examining the effects of vagotomy on hindlimb vascular resistance and on the gain of arterial baroreflex control of hindlimb vascular resistance. 4. The gain of the arterial baroreflex control of hindlimb vascular resistance in response to both phenylephrine and nitroprusside were not significantly different between SHR receiving high and normal salt diets, and between WKY receiving high and normal salt diets. 5. Vagotomy increased hindlimb vascular resistance in all four groups of rats. However the high salt diet than those in SHR on a normal salt diet but similar between the two groups of WKY. Vagotomy increased the slope of arterial baroreflex control of hindlimb vascular resistance in SHR receiving a normal salt diet and the two groups of WKY but not in SHR receiving a high salt diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)