Abstract
This study investigated the effect of 4weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with specific techniques and analyzed inter-individual variability [classified in responders (Rs) and non-responders (NRs)] on jumping ability and change of direction speed (CODS) in youth karate athletes. Athletes of both genders (n=10) were randomly assigned into experimental group (EG; n=5) and the control group (CG; n=5). The EG trained 2–3days per week applying HIIT (three rounds [15 sets of 4s all-out specific efforts with 8s of dynamical pauses] with 3min of recovery between rounds) during their usual training during 4weeks. Assessments included squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) and CODS by T-test. No significant interaction effect group by time was found. Although, in percentage and effect size (ES) terms increases were reported in both groups for SJ (EG: 15.2%, ES=0.91 vs. CG: 12.4%, ES=0.02) and only in EG for the T-test (−1.7%; ES=−0.35). In turn, a trend toward a higher proportion of Rs was observed in the EG (40% Rs) vs. CG (20% Rs) for SJ and CODS, respectively. In conclusion, the addition to regular training of a HIIT with specific techniques and based on the temporal combat structure after 4weeks was not a sufficient stimulus to increase jumping ability and CODS in karate athletes.
Highlights
Karate is a popular combat sport that officially debuted at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games and whose performance requires athletes to possess a specific physical and physiological profile and technical expertise of the discipline (Chaabene et al, 2012)
Recent evidence shows a significant relationship between change of direction speed (CODS) with jumping ability in junior and cadet elite level karate athletes (Herrera-Valenzuela et al, 2020), as well as being a predictor of competitive success in female karate athletes
Ten cadet karate athletes who compete annually in national and international level tournaments completed this study. They were invited to participate in the study during the annual planning transition period (January 2020) and randomly assigned into experimental group (EG; n = 5; age 16.1 ± 1.12 years; height 168.8 ± 7.6 cm; body mass 68.5 ± 20.9 kg) and control group (CG; n = 5; age 14.5 ± 2.0 years; height 160.8 ± 7.1 cm; body mass 59.6 ± 6.5 kg)
Summary
Karate is a popular combat sport that officially debuted at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games and whose performance requires athletes to possess a specific physical and physiological profile and technical expertise of the discipline (Chaabene et al, 2012). In karate, a specific systematic review (Chaabene et al, 2012) and correlational and explanatory studies use the squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ; Chaabene et al, 2012; Loturco et al, 2014; Chaabene, 2015) In this sense, international athletes exhibit higher SJ and CMJ height performance than amateur athletes (Chaabene et al, 2012). Recent evidence shows a significant relationship between CODS with jumping ability in junior and cadet elite level karate athletes (Herrera-Valenzuela et al, 2020), as well as being a predictor of competitive success (i.e., medalists in European championships) in female karate athletes (de Quel et al, 2020)
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