Effects of Hexachlorophene, a Chemical Accumulating in Adipose Tissue, on Mouse and Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Monika Leśniak,Sławomir Lewicki,Jacek Z Kubiak,Milena Suska,Małgorzata Kloc,Wanda Stankiewicz,Robert Zdanowski,Aleksandra Brewczyńska

doi:10.1007/s13770-017-0103-9

Abstract

The hexachlorophene (HCP) is a highly lipophilic chlorinated bisphenol present in hygienic and dermatological products. The HCP accumulates preferentially in adipose tissue that is a privileged source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The evaluation of the potential effects of HCP on MSCs is important for their medical application. Here we examined the effects of HCP on murine adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and human umbilical cord-derived stem cells (UCSCs) in cell culture. We found that 10−4 and 10−5 M HCP inhibits proliferation, osteogenesis and increases apoptosis of ADSCs and UCSCs. While the effect of HCP on proliferation and differentiation potential of these two cell lines was similar, the UCSCs appeared much more resistant to HCP-induced apoptosis than ADSCs. These results suggest that the adipose tissue-derived ADSCs have higher sensitive for HCP than umbilical cord-derived UCSCs and indicate that the umbilical cord can be a preferable source of MSCs for prospective medical applications in the future.

Highlights

The ability of pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myoblasts, adipocytes and neurons makes them irreplaceable tool in regenerative medicine [1, 2]
While the effect of HCP on proliferation and differentiation potential of these two cell lines was similar, the umbilical cord-derived stem cells (UCSCs) appeared much more resistant to HCP-induced apoptosis than adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs). These results suggest that the adipose tissue-derived ADSCs have higher sensitive for HCP than umbilical cord-derived UCSCs and indicate that the umbilical cord can be a preferable source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for prospective medical applications in the future
Human UCSCs expressed CD29, CD105 and CD106 stem cell surface markers Over 95% of cells expressed CD29, CD105 and CD106 markers

Summary

Introduction

The ability of pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myoblasts, adipocytes and neurons makes them irreplaceable tool in regenerative medicine [1, 2]. The adipose tissue has affinity for and accumulates highly lipophilic chemicals, such as insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorophene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are present in food (especially produced in industrialized farms) and personal hygiene products [3]. These chemicals constitute a potential human health risk; a sudden loss of fat tissue after intense exercise or extreme weight loss causes rapid release of adipose tissue-accumulated chemicals into the blood, liver, kidneys and brain. These chemicals may affect proliferation and/or differentiation of adipose tissue-derived MSCs

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Conclusion