Abstract
In this paper, the effects of hematocrit of red blood cells on blood flow through a stenosed human carotid artery was considered by taking blood as a Newtonian fluid. The governing equations on blood flow were derived. The mathematical content involved in the equations are the variables of interest such as number of stenosis , percentage of hematocrit of red blood cells in the blood, flow rate, wall shear stress, and viscosity of the blood. Guided by medical data collected on the constraint of blood flow in stenosed human carotid arteries, the governing equations were used to check the effects of pressure gradient, wall shear stress, velocity, and volumetric flow rate of blood in the human carotid arteries. Also, the one-dimensional equation for the steady and axially symmetric flow of blood through an artery was transformed using Einstein’s coefficient of viscosity and hematocrit of red blood cells with the help of the boundary conditions. The effects of hematocrit on the blood flow characteristics are shown graphically and discussed briefly. It was discovered that the resistance increases as the level of hematocrit increases. Also, the wall shear stress decreases with the increase in the hematocrit level of the red blood cells.
Highlights
The study of blood flow through arteries is of considerable importance in many cardiovascular diseases
A major characteristic of the blood depends upon the hematocrit level as it is the percentage of whole blood volume occupied by the red blood cells (RBC)
It was discovered that increasing the number of stenosis, fluid characteristics, and hematocrit of red blood cells are dangerous to human heart
Summary
The study of blood flow through arteries is of considerable importance in many cardiovascular diseases. Arteriosclerosis is the abnormal growth in the arterial wall thickness that develops at various locations of the cardiovascular system under diseased conditions This may be caused by unhealthy living conditions such as exposure to tobacco smoke, lack of physical activity and improper dietary habits. Venkateswarlu and Anand [9] worked on the unsteady blood flow through an indented tube with atherosclerosis in the presence of mild stenosis This was studied numerically by the finite difference method. The effects of hematocrit, frequency parameter, height of stenosis, parameters determining the shape of the constriction on velocity field, volumetric flow rate, pressure gradient of the fluid in stenotic region, and wall shear stress at the surface of stenosis were obtained and shown graphically. The effects of hematocrit on blood flow through a stenosed human carotid artery are studied numerically, and the fluid characteristics were numerically and graphically solved
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