Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare gas exchange with heliox and oxygen-enriched air during piston-type high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV). We hypothesized that helium gas would improve both carbon dioxide elimination and arterial oxygenation during piston-type HFOV.MethodFive rabbits were prepared and ventilated by piston-type HFOV with carrier 50% helium/oxygen (heliox50) or 50% oxygen/nitrogen (nitrogen50) gas mixture in a crossover study. Changing the gas mixture from nitrogen50 to heliox50 and back was performed five times per animal with constant ventilation parameters. Arterial blood gas, vital function and respiratory test indices were recorded.ResultsCompared with nitrogen50, heliox50 did not change PaCO2 when stroke volume remained constant, but significantly reduced PaCO2 after alignment of amplitude pressure. No significant changes in PaO2 were seen despite significant decreases in mean airway pressure with heliox50 compared with nitrogen50.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that heliox enhances CO2 elimination and maintains oxygenation at the same amplitude but with lower airway pressure compared to air/O2 mix gas during piston-type HFOV.
Highlights
Helium is a noble gas with very low atomic weight (4 g/mol) and density (0.18 g/L)
This study demonstrated that heliox enhances CO2 elimination and maintains oxygenation at the same amplitude but with lower airway pressure compared to air/O2 mix gas during piston-type High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV)
arterial blood gases (ABG) were obtained after 10 min of ventilation with stroke volume (SV) 16 mL, which is respirator setting determining airway amplitude pressure (AMP), mean airway pressure (MAP) 15 cmH2O, frequency 15 Hz and FiO2 0.5
Summary
When mixed with oxygen as heliox, the low density of helium reduces the resistance associated with gas delivery. This increased mobility has three effects: gas more readily reaches the alveoli, allowing greater diffusion; breathing effort is significantly reduced with use of a less-dense gas; and carbon dioxide (CO2) is eliminated more rapidly [1,2,3,4,5]. Katz et al used an in vivo model of acute lung injury and found that high-frequency membrane-type oscillator ventilation with heliox improved oxygenation and CO2 elimination. The goal of our study was to examine the effects of heliox on gas exchange and oxygenation in an animal model during highfrequency piston-type oscillatory ventilation. We hypothesized that, compared with oxygen-enriched air, heliox would improve both CO2 elimination and arterial oxygenation
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