Abstract
We study local and non-local Polyakov Nambu-Jona-Lasinio models and analyze their respective phase transition diagram. We construct hybrid stars using the zero temperature limit of the local and non-local versions of Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model for quark matter and the modern GM1(L) parametrization of the non-linear relativistic mean field model for hadronic matter. We compare our models with data from PSR J1614-2230 and PSR J0343+0432 and also from GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterpart GRB170817A and AT2017gfo. We study observational signatures of the appearance of a mixed phase as a result of modeling a phase transition that mimics the Gibbs formalism and compare the results with the sharp first-order phase transition obtained using the Maxwell construction. We also study in detail the g-mode associated with discontinuities in the equation of state, and calculate non-radial oscillation modes using relativistic Cowling approximation.
Highlights
One of the purposes of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is to describe how quarks and gluons interact to form the bound states composing hadronic matter, which can basically be classified into baryons and mesons
According the QCD phase diagram, it is known that the chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken at low temperature, but it is recovered above a certain value
The results obtained with the non-local version of the NJL model is a first order phase transition which is qualitatively similar with the result obtained with the standard MIT bag model [49]
Summary
One of the purposes of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is to describe how quarks and gluons interact to form the bound states composing hadronic matter, which can basically be classified into baryons and mesons. At sufficiently high densities and/or temperatures matter of unbound quarks and gluons, known by the generic name of quark-gluon plasma (QGP), can be formed This has motivated the theoretical study of the possible phases of QCD and has revealed a complex phase structure. NS merger and its subsequent electromagnetic counterpart (GRB170817A and AT2017gfo) impose an upper limit to the effective tidal deformability, Λ, of the binary system This parameter depends on the microphysical properties of the matter composition of the star and it is a measure of the influence of a star’s internal structure on the waveform. The possibility of a hadron-quark matter phase transition in the inner core of NSs has been studied in several works
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