Abstract
The integration of intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) additives in natural fiber-based polymer composites enhances the fire-retardant properties, but it generally has a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties, such as tensile and flexural strengths. In this work, the feasibility of graphene as a reinforcement additive and as an effective synergist for IFR-based flax-polypropylene (PP) composites was investigated. Noticeable improvements in tensile and flexural properties were achieved with the addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) in the composites. Furthermore, better char-forming ability of GNP in combination with IFR was observed, suppressing HRR curves and thus, lowering the total heat release (THR). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) detected a reduction in the decomposition rate due to strong interfacial bonding between GNP and PP, whereas the maximum decomposition rate was observed to occur at a higher temperature. The saturation point for the IFR additive along with GNP has also been highlighted in this study. A safe and effective method of graphene encapsulation within PP using the fume-hood set-up was achieved. Finally, the effect of flame retardant on the flax–PP composite has been simulated using Fire Dynamics Simulator.
Highlights
Cellulose-based natural fibers, owing to their biodegradability, high specific strength and cost-effectiveness are being increasingly used in composites [1]
It has been reported that the physical presence of intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) hinders the interfacial adhesion between fiber and polymer, which leads to the formation of microcracks, resulting in failure of the composite [11,14,30]
This study provides insight into the effects of graphene nanoplatelets on the mechanical and fire properties of the intumescent flame-retardant-based flax polypropylene composites
Summary
Cellulose-based natural fibers, owing to their biodegradability, high specific strength and cost-effectiveness are being increasingly used in composites [1]. Polypropylene (PP), due to its easy processability, recyclability and good mechanical properties, such as tensile and flexural strengths, is widely utilized as the matrix for natural fiber-reinforced composites [2]. Both natural fibers and polypropylene lack fire retardancy, and their composites are highly flammable. Under the influence of fire, natural fiber-reinforced composites start decomposing around 300 ◦C, releasing combustible gases, liquids, char and smoke, followed by rapid dripping. This can be hazardous and can lead to other ignition sources. There is a need to improve the flame retardancy of natural fiber-based thermoplastic composites for engineering applications [3]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
