Effects of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (GCSF) on Persistent Thin Endometrium in Frozen Embryo Transfer (FET) Cycles

Abstract

To predict the effectiveness of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) in the treatment of persistent thin endometrium resistant to other treatments in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. This is a hospital-based prospective study. Thirty-five women with persistent thin endometrium (<7mm) resistant to standard treatments were involved in this study. Intrauterine infusion of GCSF (300mcg/1ml) was done in patients with thin endometrium on day 14 of FET cycles, and their endometrial thicknesses were measured after 48h of infusion. The primary outcome was an increase in endometrial thickness and the secondary outcome measures were chemical and clinical pregnancies. The endometrial thickness increased from 5.86±0.58 to 6.58±0.84mm after GCSF infusion. In 19 of the 35 participants (54.28%) endometrial thickness increased to≥7mm and they subsequently underwent embryo transfer. Of these, 3 (15.78%) patients had chemical pregnancy, but there was no clinical pregnancy. In 16 participants, embryo transfer was canceled in view of insufficient endometrial thickness (<7mm). GCSF caused a small increase in endometrial thickness in women with persistent thin endometrium, but there was no improvement in their pregnancy rates.