Abstract
Oral mucositis is frequently a toxic effect of chemotherapeutic and/or radiotherapeutic treatment, resulting from complex multifaceted biological events involving DNA damage. The clinical manifestations have a negative impact on the life quality of cancer patients. Preventive measures and curative treatment of mucositis are still not well established. The glycine has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and cytoprotective actions, being a potential therapeutic in mucositis. The objective was to evaluate the effects of glycine on the expression of collagen and growth factors, platelet and epidermal in a hamster model oral mucositis. The mucositis was induced by the protocol of Sonis. There were 40 hamsters used, divided into two groups: Group I-control; Group II-supplemented with 5% intraperitoneal glycine, 2.0 mg/g diluted in hepes. Histopathological sections were used to perform the immune-histochemical method, the evaluation of collagen expression, and the growth factors: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet (PDGF). It was observed that the group supplemented with glycine experienced higher amounts of collagen expression and predominance type of collagen I. The glycine group presented lower immunoexpression of the growth factors, EGF and PDGF. The group supplemented with glycine showed a marked healing process of the oral mucosite, demonstrated by the predominance of collagen type I and reduction of growth factors, EGF and PDGF.
Highlights
Mucositis is frequently a toxic effect of chemotherapeutic and/or radiotherapeutic treatment, affecting the gastrointestinal tract, mainly the oral cavity
Knowledge about the inflammatory, repair and regeneration processes involved in the pathophysiology of mucositis, is fundamental for proposals of therapies that act on specific receptors or molecules of the complex mucositis mechanism
The group supplemented with glycine presented clinical and laboratory resolution (p < 0.001), indicating the cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory effect of glycine in the oral mucosa.We studied the effect of glycine supplementation on the amount, types of collagen, epidermal growth factors (EGF), and platelet derivative (PDGF) in experimental mucositis
Summary
Mucositis is frequently a toxic effect of chemotherapeutic and/or radiotherapeutic treatment, affecting the gastrointestinal tract, mainly the oral cavity. Patients with oral lesions may present dysphagia, odynophagia, weight loss, risk of opportunistic agent infections, depression, and low adherence to treatment [1,2]. Studies evaluating the life quality of patients with head and neck carcinomas, who received radiotherapy, demonstrated the negative impact of mucositis that compromised the physical, functional, emotional, and social domain [3]. On the other hand, reducing the dose/intensity of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy caused by mucositis, may interfere with treatment effectiveness and cure rates [4]. These strategies are Nutrients 2018, 10, 1485; doi:10.3390/nu10101485 www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients
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