Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the changes in proximate composition and physicochemical characteristics of flaxseed during germination. Flaxseed was germinated for 4 days and observations were taken every day throughout the study. Changes in the seed reserve and antioxidant activity were determined during germination. The oil content of the cultivar decreased from 35.10 to 27.22%. During the germination period, the total protein content increased to 23.84%. Germinated flaxseed showed significantly higher unsaturated as compared to saturated fatty acid ratios and higher calculated oxidizability (Cox) values. The Saponification value ranged from 182 to 192 mg KOH·g –1 oil during germination. The highest peroxide value (2.4 mequiv O 2 ·kg −1 oil) was observed at the end of germination. The unsaponifiable contents ranged from 1.62 to 1.18%. The oxidation value of the oil samples were statistically in the same range (4.1–6.4%). After 4 days of germination, oil stability was reduced to 1.0 h. The increase in ascorbic acid content was steady. Total phenolic acid contents differed significantly. The greatest concentration was detected in non germinated flaxseed oil. Germinated Flaxssed oil showed an important free radical scavenging activity towards 1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals.
Highlights
Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a globally important agricultural crop grown both for its seed oil as well as its stem fiber
The Iodine value (IV) (172–160) obtained in this study indicates that the oils contain appreciable level of unsaturated FAs, which is confirmed by the FA profile of the germinated flaxseed investigated
The ash and crude protein content remained at the same level before and after germination
Summary
Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a globally important agricultural crop grown both for its seed oil as well as its stem fiber. The seed oil has multiple industrial applications such as in the manufacture of linoleum and paints and in preserving wood and concrete (Vaisey-Genser and Morris, 2001). It is rich in dietary fiber and has a high content of essential fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. The seeds are composed of ~45% oil, 30% dietary fiber and 25% protein. Flaxseed is a rich source of the lignan component secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). Flaxseed contains about 400 g·kg−1 total dietary fiber. This seed fiber is rich in pentosans and the hull fraction contains 2–7% mucilage (Vaisey-Genser and Morris, 1997). The other major constituents of flaxseeds are storage proteins that can range from 10–30% (Sebei et al, 2007)
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