Abstract
Based on a sample of 301 first, second and third-year undergrad entrepreneurship students from a university of technology in South Africa, the purpose of this research paper was to investigate the effects of gender on students’ entrepreneurial intentions (EI), as well as the determinants of EI. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) underpins this research. The study’s objectives were to establish whether the TPB might assist in explaining the effects of gender on students’ EI, as well as the factors that influence EI. The data was analysed using partial least square (PLS) structural equation modeling (SEM) algorithm in SmartPLS 3.3.3. The findings of this study revealed that gender has no significant relationship with students’ EI, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and attitude towards behaviour. In terms of the TPB, the findings revealed that all the antecedents of the TPB have a statistically significant correlation with EI. The findings suggest that the TPB can be regarded as a useful tool for evaluating students’ EI.
Highlights
Entrepreneurship is important to every country’s economy since it has the potential to encourage job creation, innovation and creativity, as well as high employment, positive social development and economic progress (Shane & Venkataraman, 2000; Rowley, Baregheh, & Sambrook, 2011; Nasiru, Keat, & Bhatti, 2015)
Karimi et al (2014) used the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to explore the effect of gender on students and discovered that gender had a significant relationship with attitudes towards behaviour (ATB), perceived behavioural control (PBC), subjective norms (SN) and entrepreneurial intentions (EI)
Concern regarding the generalization of findings from previous studies due to constraints and the current youth unemployment rates prompted the creation of this study
Summary
Entrepreneurship is important to every country’s economy since it has the potential to encourage job creation, innovation and creativity, as well as high employment, positive social development and economic progress (Shane & Venkataraman, 2000; Rowley, Baregheh, & Sambrook, 2011; Nasiru, Keat, & Bhatti, 2015). Two primary theories have been utilized to analyze the intents to become an entrepreneur, amongst university students These two theories namely are commonly known as the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) (Ajzen, 1991) and the entrepreneurial events model (EEM) (Shapero & Sokol, 1982). In view of the aforementioned, this research paper has two objectives, initially, it aims to contribute to the literature on EI by applying the TPB (Ajzen, 1991) to the South African setting. It investigates the effects of gender on perceived behavioural control (PBC), subjective norms (SN). The following is how the rest of this research paper is outlined: Section 2 reviews the literature, establishes the hypotheses and conceptual model; Section 3 describes the research methodologies before presenting the study findings and discussions in Section 4; Section 5 presents the research’s conclusions, limits and recommendations for future research
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