Effects of gatekeeper trainings from the Austrian national suicide prevention program.

Abstract

The development and implementation of gatekeeper trainings were first goals in the national suicide prevention strategy "Suicide Prevention Austria" (SUPRA). The current study aims to assess the short- and longer-term effects of the SUPRA gatekeeper trainings in comparison with established gatekeeper trainings. We evaluated 28 gatekeeper trainings including 427 participants by assessing improvement of knowledge (facts about suicide and suicide prevention), gatekeeper self-efficacy and attitudes, and gatekeeper behavior (e.g., asking depressed people about suicide). Assessments were immediately before and after the gatekeeper trainings, with an additional follow-up 6 months later. Effects were compared with benchmark effects of established gatekeeper trainings. There were substantial improvements in knowledge, self-efficacy and attitudes immediately after the training, comparable or larger than known from evaluations of established gatekeeper trainings. Most of these changes were upheld in the follow-up assessment, with effects comparable to other gatekeeper trainings. There was only a small increase of self-reported gatekeeper behavior, in line with results from other gatekeeper trainings. The SUPRA gatekeeper training had some beneficial effects in the short- and longterm, with effect sizes comparable to established gatekeeper trainings.