Abstract
IT has been proved by one of us1 that a thermoelectric force of the first kind—now, with W. Meissner, called the first Benedicks effect—appears in asymmetrically heated homogeneous liquid mercury, with a negative sign. (A negative sign indicates that in the external circuit the electron current flows from the hot side of the temperature gradient to the cold one.) As for the reverse effect—the second Benedicks effect (or heat transport caused by an electric current)—it was found by us2 that this effect likewise was ‘negative’ in pure mercury containing gas, but positive in degassed pure mercury—evidently due to a lowered content of gas ions, already known to influence the sign of this effect in the case of platinum3. The conclusion was drawn that likewise a change of the sign of the first Benedicks effect may be caused by a lowered gas content.
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