Abstract
Space launch and reentry operations are expected to increase in the coming years with the expansion of commercial space operators and spaceport development. Every launch and reentry in the United States requires the operation to pass through the National Airspace System, resulting in the implementation of protective airspace closures, which impede the flow of air traffic. This paper describes a fast-time computer simulation study conducted by the Federal Aviation Administration to quantify the effects of future launch and reentry operations on the National Airspace System and to demonstrate the possible benefits of one proposed strategy to reduce these impacts. Results showed that increasing the number of launch and reentry operations in the United States using current airspace closure methods would significantly affect the efficiency of flights in the National Airspace System. However, implementing new concepts to calculate more dynamic airspace closures would greatly reduce this impact.
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