Effects of friction on stress on a plate penetrating into granular media

Chuan-Ping Liu,Chao Zheng,Li Wang,Chuan-Yu Wu

doi:10.1063/5.0049262

Chuan-Ping Liu, Chao Zheng + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0049262

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Abstract

The penetration of a plate into granular media was analyzed, and the effects of particle–plate and particle–particle frictions, penetration direction, and initial plate orientation were examined. Results showed that stress was directly proportional to immersion depth for frictionless particles but jumped at the bed surface and then increased linearly for frictional particles. Moreover, stress was mostly independent of the penetration direction when the plate was frictionless. However, initial orientation always had an effect regardless of whether the plate was frictional or frictionless. Furthermore, a theoretical model was developed for stress analysis. This model revealed that friction on the plate essentially affected stress via changing the push angle of the particles that were in contact with the plate.

Highlights

Granular materials can deform and flow under stress
In accordance with resistive force theory [10,11, an intruder of complex geometries can be partitioned into infinitesimal segments, and the force on the intruder can be obtained from the integration of stresses on the segments as follows: F = ∫sfdAs, [1]
Stress in the frictional granular bed was influenced by the plate orientation but was independent of the penetration direction

Summary

Introduction

Granular materials can deform and flow under stress They occasionally exhibit characteristics that differ from traditional fluids [ 1 , 2 because particles interact with their neighbors through contact forces. When an intruder penetrates vertically into a granular bed at a low speed, it experiences an opposite drag force, called the quasi-static frictional force, which is independent of penetration velocity. The current study aimed to explore whether and how particle–intruder and particle–particle friction affect the force on an intruder penetrating in granular media. A theoretical model for stress calculation was developed to elucidate the effect of friction [15 ; this model was helpful to clarify the mechanism of granular flow [16,17 , which was different from the traditional fluid

Computational model

Stresses on the plate

Particle motion

Theoretical analysis

Conclusions