Effects of frequency of recombinant porcine somatotropin administration on growth performance, tissue accretion rates, and hormone and metabolite concentrations in pigs.

Abstract

Thirty-two crossbred barrows were used to determine the effects of frequency of administration of equivalent total dosages of recombinant porcine somatotropin (rpST) on growth performance, tissue accretion rates, and hormone and metabolite status of pigs. Treatments were control (buffer-injected daily), 60 micrograms/kg BW daily (4 injections/4 d), 120 micrograms/kg BW injected every other day (2 injections/4 d), or 240 micrograms/kg BW given every 4th d (1 injection/4 d). Treatments were initiated at 35 BW and continued until each pig had consumed a total of 440 Mcal of DE intake. Pigs were fed a diet that contained 16% CP, 1.2% lysine, and 3.5 Mcal of DE/kg at 85% of calculated ad libitum intake. Feed intake and rpST dose were adjusted at 8-d intervals. The 240 micrograms/kg BW treatment did not decrease appetite beyond the 15% restriction already imposed in the experimental design. Treatment groups responded to rpST in a frequency-dependent manner. Average daily gain was improved by 10, 23, and 36%, respectively, as injection frequency was increased from 1/4 to 2/4 to 4/4 d. Muscle weights were increased uniformly (15% on average) on a BW basis by all rpST treatments. Carcass (21, 42, and 63%), visceral (43, 65, and 112%), and empty body (22, 43, and 65%) protein accretion rates were increased by rpST treatment in a frequency-dependent fashion, respectively. Lipid accretion also was reduced in carcass and empty body (31% on average) by all rpST injection schemes relative to controls; however, visceral lipid accretion was increased by 59% by rpST. Protein utilization efficiency increased linearly by 24, 45, and 65% as the frequency of injection of rpST was increased from 1/4 to 2/4 to 4/4 d. Hormones and metabolites exhibited frequency-related profiles as well. These results suggest that frequency of administration greatly influences the magnitude of responsiveness to rpST and that optimal benefit would be realized by a delivery system that mimicked a daily surge, at minimum, of rpST.