Abstract
As a product of the development of the Internet and the sharing economy, shared bicycles are beneficial in solving the last mile problem of public transportation for urban residents and expanding the service area of urban public transportation to a certain extent. This paper analyses the spatial-temporal characteristics of shared bicycles in the city of Beijing by using kernel density estimation and statistical analysis methods. The maximum coverage location problem model is used to quantify the effects of shared bicycles on the subway and bus urban public transportation systems. The analysis results are of great importance to identify the effects of shared bicycle usage on an urban bus public transportation system from the view of space-time. The results show that (1) shared bicycles are largely located within 1.5 km from the subway station and 500 m from the bus stations; (2) the number of the shared bicycle usage changes along with the distance from the subway and bus stations; (3) subway and bus stations are divided into six types based on the sink-source characteristics of shared bicycles; (4) the service areas of subway and bus stations are expanded by approximately 2.34 and 1.33 times, respectively, after the implementation of shared bicycles.
Highlights
Bike sharing systems originated in Amsterdam in 1965 [1], and they can be described as short-term inner-city bicycle rental services that provide bicycles at unattended stations [2,3]
It is noteworthy that the distribution of the origin and destination points in the bicycle trips is reversed for the morning rush hours in the southern part of the study area
The spatial-temporal characteristics of free-floating bike sharing and its effects on urban public transportation were analyzed in the city of Beijing, China
Summary
Bike sharing systems originated in Amsterdam in 1965 [1], and they can be described as short-term inner-city bicycle rental services that provide bicycles at unattended stations [2,3]. Based on the analysis of the spatial-temporal characteristics of shared bicycles, some studies have identified different purposes of cyclists, such as commuting and recreational usage [7,11,15]. Studying the effects of shared bicycles on urban public transportation is an important research topic. Few studies have quantitatively analyzed the influence of shared bicycles on the urban public transportation system from a spatial perspective. The objective of this paper is to analyze the spatial-temporal characteristics of dockless shared bicycle trips to quantitatively explore its influence on public transportation.
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