Abstract
High temperature is a critical barrier in most cotton growing areas, limiting cotton growth and development. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of foliar spray on KC 3 cotton variety grown under ambient (32.66°C) and high temperature (37.21°C) stress in open-top chamber (OTC) with a temperature of 5°C from the ambient temperature for 10d from flowering to boll development stage. Foliar spray of kaolin @ 3% and calcium carbonate @ 5% were sprayed separately to the set of pots both in ambient and elevated temperature on 70th day of flowering. Observations on morphological and physiological parameters were recorded on viz., plant height (cm plant-1), leaf area (cm2 plant-1), relative water content (%), canopy temperature (°C), SPAD, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm ratio). Kaolin @ 3% foliar spray significantly increased the plant height, leaf area, relative water content, chlorophyll content and reduced the canopy temperature both in high temperature and ambient temperature conditions. Among these treatments, T2 - kaolin 3% (Ambient) followed by T5 - Kaolin 3% (elevated temperature of 5 °C) recorded higher values as compared to calcium carbonate treatment both in ambient temperature and high temperature condition.
Highlights
Cotton is one of the world’s most important cash crops, which is highly essential for the textile industry and useful for oils, livestock feed
The same trend was observed by foliar spray of kaolin @ 3% in ambient and high temperature recorded higher plant height (66.3 cm, 61.8 cm) than calcium carbonate @ 5% (65.6 cm, 60.9 cm) respectively
According to Khalil (2006), the results were showed in plant height and dry weight of Physalis peruviana L. seedlings were increased by foliar spray of kaolin
Summary
Cotton is one of the world’s most important cash crops, which is highly essential for the textile industry and useful for oils, livestock feed. Climatological extremes including high temperature were forecast to have a deleterious effect on plant growth and development cause catastrophic losses in crop productivity and quality (Yuan et al, 2017). Cotton is a multipurpose crop that is highly sensitive to abiotic stresses. Raising one-degree Celsius (°C) in temperature level highly influences crop productivity and causes losses up to 17% in the growing season of all commercial crops (Lobell and Asner, 2003). It is predicted that the rise in temperature till 2100 is 5.8 °C and 2.6 °C up to 2050 mainly due to global warming (Sarwar et al, 2019). Through the cotton crop responds various stresses at different growth stages which depends upon the stress severity, high-temperature stress causes drastic changes at the cellular level
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