Effects of foliar application of potassium nitrate on suppression of Alternaria leaf blight of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) in northern Australia

Abstract

Alternaria leaf blight is the most prevalent disease of cotton in northern Australia. A trial was conducted at Katherine Research Station, Northern Territory, Australia, to determine the effects of foliar application of potassium nitrate (KNO3) on the suppression of Alternaria leaf blight of cotton. Disease incidence, severity and leaf shedding were assessed at the bottom (1–7 nodes), middle (8–14 nodes) and the top (15+ nodes) of plants at weekly intervals from 7 July to 22 September 2004. Disease incidence, severity and shedding at the middle canopy level were significantly higher for all treatments than those from bottom and top canopies. Foliar KNO3, applied at 13 kg/ha, significantly (P<0.05) reduced the mean disease incidence, severity and leaf shedding assessed during the trial period. KNO3 significantly (P<0.001) reduced the disease severity and leaf shedding at the middle canopy level. Almost all leaves in the middle canopy became infected in the first week of July in contrast to infection levels of 50–65% at the bottom and top of the canopy. Disease severity and leaf shedding in the middle canopy were significantly (P<0.05) lower in KNO3-treated plots than the control plots from the second and third weeks of July to the second and third weeks of August. This study demonstrates that foliar application of KNO3 may be effective in reducing the effect of Alternaria leaf blight of cotton in northern Australia.