Abstract
<p>The effects of fertilization rate and water availability on peanut growth and yield of two cultivars were investigated in a series of field experiments at Bambey, Nioro and Sinthiou Malem in Senegal. Both rainy and dry season experiments were conducted over two years between 2014 and 2015, for a total of seven experiments. The first set of four experiments were to evaluate fertilizer application rate on peanut production. One experiment was conducted in the dry season 2014 in Nioro with four levels of fertilizer and one experiment in the rainy season 2014 in each of Bambey, Nioro and Sinthiou Malem with six levels of fertilizer in a RCBD with four replications both. The second set of experiments were to evaluate the effect of different water regimes on peanut production. Experiments were conducted in the dry season of 2014 and 2015 in Bambey and in Nioro 2015. The experimental design was a split plot design with four replications and three levels of water, namely, E, S1 and S2. The effects of fertilization rate on peanut in three different sites were not significantly different between fertilizer levels. However, irrigation treatments were significantly different in all sites during the two years. Under water stressed conditions, the seed yield was more affected than the biomass yield. Seed yield decreased by 33% when stress occurred at flowering period and by 50% when stress occurred during seed filling. The most sensitive period for yield declined was observed during the period of maturation followed to the flowering stage. The interaction between irrigation and fertilizer was not signification in both Bambey and Nioro sites of field experiments. Such experiments should be conducted in field based conditions where occur limited soil nutrients to test higher dose of NPK.</p>
Highlights
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the world’s most important legumes, grown primarily for its high quality edible oil and protein (Kambiranda et al, 2011)
The total Above Ground Biomass (AGB) produced during the dry season was greater than the total AGB produced during the rainy season
The plot with fertilizer application resulted in the greatest biomass yield, pod yield and seed yield. These results showed that the quantity of fertilizer used was not in the optimum dose to determine a difference between fertilizer level on one hand and on other hand, the initial soil properties contained considerable quantity of nutrients
Summary
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the world’s most important legumes, grown primarily for its high quality edible oil and protein (Kambiranda et al, 2011). It is cultivated in over 100 nations around the world with the main producers being China and India, with more than 60% of total production while Africa has 25% of the production (Noba et al, 2014). The contamination of peanut to aflatoxin in Africa is due to increase drought (Kambiranda et al, 2011). West African countries are the main producer of peanut in Africa where Nigeria and jsd.ccsenet.org
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