Abstract
The skin microbiome is in a very close mutualistic relationship with skin cells, influencing their physiology and immunology and participating in many dermatological conditions. Today, there is much interest in cosmetic ingredients that may promote a healthy microbiome, especially postbiotics, mainly derived from fermented products. In the present work, we studied the effects on skin microbiota of new patented natural oils obtained by unique fermentation technology in vivo. Three fermented oils were evaluated: F-Shiunko (FS), F-Artemisia® (FA) and F-Glycyrrhiza® (FG). The active components were included as single active component or in combination (FSAG) in an emulsion system. A total of 20 healthy women were recruited, and skin microbiota from cheek were analyzed by mean of swab sampling at T0 and T1 (after 4 weeks of a one-day treatment). 16S sequencing revealed that the treatment with fermented oils improved microbiome composition and alpha-diversity. It was shown that higher biodiversity reflects in a healthier microbial ecosystem since microbial diversity decreases in the presence of a disease or due to aging. The treatment also resulted in a more “beneficial” and “younger” microbial community since a significant decrease in Proteobacteria and the increase in Staphylococcus were reported after the treatment with fermented oils.
Highlights
The skin, as the largest organ is the more complex and dynamic microbial ecosystem of the human body [1]
We studied in vivo the effects on skin microbiota of a new patented category of natural oils obtained by unique fermentation technology according to which the vegetable oil was fermented by Pseudozyma sp
A total of 20 healthy women were recruited and skin microbiota from cheek were analyzed by mean of swab sampling at T0 and T1
Summary
The skin, as the largest organ is the more complex and dynamic microbial ecosystem of the human body [1]. It is colonized by trillion of bacteria, archaea, fungi and viruses collectively referred to as the skin microbiome; they are in a very close mutualistic relationship with skin cells influencing their physiology [2] and immunology [3]. Since the density and variety of glands vary considerably across different skin sites, different microbial populations characterize each skin site [1]. As reported by recent scientific evidence [8], unexplored host and microbial factors can drive differences at species [8] and strain level [9] Cutibacterium ( Propionibacterium) and Staphylococcus are found as the most abundant genera in the sebaceous area (e.g., face, upper chest and back) [6] and Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus and Proteobacterium in moist areas (e.g., armpits, elbow, antecubital fossa) [7].
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