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Abstract
In this study, antiproliferative effects of the selective estrogen receptor modulator Tamoxifen and the aromatase inhibitor letrozole (Femara) were evaluated and compared using the FM3A cell line, originating from a C3H mouse mammary carcinoma and positive in terms of estrogen receptor (ER) expression. Cell kinetic parameters including labelling index, mitotic index and labelling index were assessed after exposure of the. FM3A cell line to 0.001μg/ml of Tamoxifen and 0.25μg/ml of Femara for 4, 8, 16 and 32 h for all parameters. The results showed that cell growth was inhibited by both agents. There was a significant decrease in labelling index and mitotic index and significant increase in apoptotic index for all experimental groups. The differences between control and all experimental groups were statistically significant (p<0.001) for all applications.
Highlights
Estrogens are important regulators of growth and differentiation in the normal mammary gland and are important in the development and progression of breast carcinoma (Gruvberger et al, 2001) Breast cancers can be divided into subtypes including hormone-dependent and hormone-independent subtype depending on their hormon receptor status (Santen and Harvey, 1999).Since estrogens are known to play a role in the growth and development of many breast cancers, a logical approach for the treatment of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer is the use of anti-estrogens that inhibit the estrogen function in breast cancer cells
For more than 35 years, tamoxifen has been the gold standard for the endocrine treatment of all stages of estrogenreceptor-positive breast cancer (Jordan, 2003) Tamoxifen is selective estrogen receptor modulator and its antagonist effect is prominent with respect to breast cancer
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have become the first choice endocrine drugs for postmenopausal breast cancer patients since they are associated with superior activity and better general tolerability when compared with tamoxifen both in the adjuvant and metastatic settings (Ponzone et al, 2008)
Summary
Estrogens are important regulators of growth and differentiation in the normal mammary gland and are important in the development and progression of breast carcinoma (Gruvberger et al, 2001) Breast cancers can be divided into subtypes including hormone-dependent and hormone-independent subtype depending on their hormon receptor status (Santen and Harvey, 1999).Since estrogens are known to play a role in the growth and development of many breast cancers, a logical approach for the treatment of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer is the use of anti-estrogens that inhibit the estrogen function in breast cancer cells. Estrogens are important regulators of growth and differentiation in the normal mammary gland and are important in the development and progression of breast carcinoma (Gruvberger et al, 2001) Breast cancers can be divided into subtypes including hormone-dependent and hormone-independent subtype depending on their hormon receptor status (Santen and Harvey, 1999). For more than 35 years, tamoxifen has been the gold standard for the endocrine treatment of all stages of estrogenreceptor-positive breast cancer (Jordan, 2003) Tamoxifen is selective estrogen receptor modulator and its antagonist effect is prominent with respect to breast cancer. Among women with ER-positive breast cancer, tamoxifen reduces the risk of recurrence and death when given as adjuvant therapy for early stage disease and can provide palliation in those with metastatic disease (Osborne, 1998; Davies et al, 2011).
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