Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of different concentrations of Fe3+ on the acute toxicity and regeneration of planarian at different temperatures. Method The planarians were treated with 40 mg/l, 50 mg/l, 60 mg/l, and 70 mg/l Fe3+ solution and placed in 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C, respectively, to observe the mortality and the poisoning pattern of the planarian. In addition, the planarians were cut into three parts of head, trunk, and tail, then placed in Fe3+ solution at concentrations of 10 mg/l, 15 mg/l, 20 mg/l, and 30 mg/l, and placed in 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C respectively, and the regeneration rate of the planarian was investigated. Results At the same temperature, in the concentration of Fe3+ from 40 mg/l to 70 mg/l, the mortality of the planarian increased with the increasing of the concentration of Fe3+; at the same concentration and different temperatures, the death speed of the planarian is the fastest at 20°C, the next at 25°C, and the lowest at 15°C, indicating that the toxic effect of Fe3+ can be accelerated at a suitable temperature of 20°C. At the same temperature, in the low concentration of Fe3+ from 10 mg/l to 30 mg/l, the regeneration rate of the planarian gradually decreased with the increasing of the concentration of Fe3+; at the same concentration and different temperature, the regeneration rate of planarian was faster at 20°C and 25°C, but the difference between 20°C and 25°C was small, and the slowest at 15°C, indicating that the low temperature significantly affects the planarian regeneration speed. The study also found the regeneration rates of the head, trunk, and tail of the planarian were different; the head regeneration was the fastest, the trunk was the second, and the tail was the slowest. Conclusion Fe3+ had obvious toxic effects on the survival and regeneration of planarian; the planarian is sensitive to Fe3+ and may be used to detect Fe3+ water pollution; in addition, temperature can affect the toxic effects of Fe3+ and thus affect the survival and regeneration of the planarian. Therefore, the temperature should be taken into consideration when detecting water Fe3+ pollution.
Highlights
In recent years, people have paid more and more attention to environmental issues, and the development of modern industry and agriculture has caused a large number of heavy metal ions to accumulate continuously in the water, causing serious harm to the water environment [1, 2].Iron is an indispensable micronutrient for animals and plants
The toxic effects of heavy metals on aquatic animals such as prawn and grouper have been studied intensively, and the results showed that heavy metal pollution may be further enriched between organisms through food chains [6,7,8,9,10], which in turn may threaten the survival of human
We focus on the effects of Fe3+ on the death and regeneration of Dugesia japonica under different temperatures; the results are useful for iron monitoring by planarian
Summary
People have paid more and more attention to environmental issues, and the development of modern industry and agriculture has caused a large number of heavy metal ions to accumulate continuously in the water, causing serious harm to the water environment [1, 2]. Iron is an indispensable micronutrient for animals and plants. It is a component of chlorophyll and heme. It is an important component of some enzymes and plays an essential role in the process of biological redox. A certain extent of iron is beneficial to the life activities of aquatic animals. With the development of the economy, too much excess iron is enriched in water. The excessive iron is poisonous and can cause poisoning or even death of aquatic plants and animals
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