Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of exercise training on gut hormone levels after a single bout of exercise in middle-aged Japanese women. Twenty healthy middle-aged women were recruited for this study. Several measurements were performed pre and post exercise training, including: body weight and composition, peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2), energy intake after the single bout of exercise, and the release of gut hormones with fasting and after the single bout of exercise. Exercise training resulted in significant increases in acylated ghrelin fasting levels (from 126.6 ± 5.6 to 135.9 ± 5.4 pmol/l, P < 0.01), with no significant changes in GLP-1 (from 0.54 ± 0.04 to 0.55 ± 0.03 pmol/ml) and PYY (from 1.20 ± 0.07 to 1.23 ± 0.06 pmol/ml) fasting levels. GLP-1 levels post exercise training after the single bout of exercise were significantly higher than those pre exercise training (areas under the curve (AUC); from 238.4 ± 65.2 to 286.5 ± 51.2 pmol/ml x 120 min, P < 0.001). There was a tendency for higher AUC for the time courses of PYY post exercise training than for those pre exercise training (AUC; from 519.5 ± 135.5 to 551.4 ± 128.7 pmol/ml x 120 min, P = 0.06). Changes in (delta) GLP-1 AUC were significantly correlated with decreases in body weight (r = −0.743, P < 0.001), body mass index (r = −0.732, P < 0.001), percent body fat (r = −0.731, P < 0.001), and energy intake after a single bout exercise (r = −0.649, P < 0.01) and increases in peak VO2 (r = 0.558, P < 0.05). These results suggest that the ability of exercise training to create a negative energy balance relies not only directly on its impact on energy expenditure, but also indirectly on its potential to modulate energy intake.
Highlights
The role of gut hormones in the treatment of obesity has been widely recognized (Derosa and Maffioli 2012; Field et al 2009; Karra and Batterham 2010; Neary and Batterham 2009)
We demonstrated that a single bout of aerobic exercise caused significant increases in the plasma levels of GLP1 and Peptide YY (PYY), and decreases in subsequent energy intake in obese and non-obese subjects (Ueda et al 2009a, b)
There was a significant reduction in body weight (P < 0.001), BMI (P < 0.001), and percentage body fat (P < 0.001) and a significant increase in peak VO2 (P < 0.001) after exercise training
Summary
The role of gut hormones in the treatment of obesity has been widely recognized (Derosa and Maffioli 2012; Field et al 2009; Karra and Batterham 2010; Neary and Batterham 2009). We demonstrated that a single bout of aerobic exercise caused significant increases in the plasma levels of GLP1 and PYY, and decreases in subsequent energy intake in obese and non-obese subjects (Ueda et al 2009a, b). Increases in GLP-1 levels during exercise were significantly and negatively correlated with decreases in the amount of energy ingested (Ueda et al 2009a). These findings suggest the intriguing possibility that exercise may partly function as a physiological regulator for hormone release or metabolism and lead to appetite control
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